Home Inspections
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STANDARDS OF PRACTICE
1. Interior, Exterior, Windows & Doors​
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DOORS, WINDOWS & INTERIOR
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The inspector shall inspect:
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a representative number of doors and windows by opening and closing them;
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floors, walls and ceilings;
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stairs, steps, landings, stairways and ramps;
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railings, guards and handrails; and
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garage vehicle doors and the operation of garage vehicle door openers, using normal operating controls.
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The inspector shall describe:
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a garage vehicle door as manually-operated or installed with a garage door opener.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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improper spacing between intermediate balusters, spindles and rails for steps, stairways, guards and railings;
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photo-electric safety sensors that did not operate properly; and
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any window that was obviously fogged or displayed other evidence of broken seals.
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The inspector is not required to:
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inspect paint, wallpaper, window treatments or finish treatments.
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inspect floor coverings or carpeting.
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inspect central vacuum systems.
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inspect for safety glazing.
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inspect security systems or components.
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evaluate the fastening of islands, countertops, cabinets, sink tops or fixtures.
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move furniture, stored items, or any coverings, such as carpets or rugs, in order to inspect the concealed floor structure.
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move suspended-ceiling tiles.
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inspect or move any household appliances.
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inspect or operate equipment housed in the garage, except as otherwise noted.
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verify or certify the proper operation of any pressure-activated auto-reverse or related safety feature of a garage door.
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operate or evaluate any security bar release and opening mechanisms, whether interior or exterior, including their
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compliance with local, state or federal standards.
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operate any system, appliance or component that requires the use of special keys, codes, combinations or devices.
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operate or evaluate self-cleaning oven cycles, tilt guards/latches, or signal lights.
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inspect microwave ovens or test leakage from microwave ovens.
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operate or examine any sauna, steam-generating equipment, kiln, toaster, ice maker, coffee maker, can opener, bread warmer,
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blender, instant hot-water dispenser, or other small, ancillary appliances or devices.
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inspect elevators.
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inspect remote controls.
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inspect appliances.
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inspect items not permanently installed.
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discover firewall compromises.
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inspect pools, spas or fountains.
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determine the adequacy of whirlpool or spa jets, water force, or bubble effects.
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determine the structural integrity or leakage of pools or spas.
EXTERIOR
​The inspector shall inspect:
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the exterior wall-covering materials;
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the eaves, soffits and fascia;
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a representative number of windows;
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all exterior doors;
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flashing and trim;
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adjacent walkways and driveways;
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stairs, steps, stoops, stairways and ramps;
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porches, patios, decks, balconies and carports;
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railings, guards and handrails; and
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vegetation, surface drainage, retaining walls and grading of the property, where they may adversely affect the structure due
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to moisture intrusion.​
The inspector shall describe:
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the type of exterior wall-covering materials.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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any improper spacing between intermediate balusters, spindles and rails.
The inspector is not required to:
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inspect or operate screens, storm windows, shutters, awnings, fences, outbuildings, or exterior accent lighting.
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inspect items that are not visible or readily accessible from the ground, including window and door flashing.
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inspect or identify geological, geotechnical, hydrological or soil conditions.
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inspect recreational facilities or playground equipment.
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inspect seawalls, breakwalls or docks.
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inspect erosion-control or earth-stabilization measures.
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inspect for safety-type glass.
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inspect underground utilities.
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inspect underground items.
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inspect wells or springs.
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inspect solar, wind or geothermal systems.
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inspect swimming pools or spas.
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inspect wastewater treatment systems, septic systems or cesspools.
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inspect irrigation or sprinkler systems.
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inspect drainfields or dry wells.
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determine the integrity of multiple-pane window glazing or thermal window seals.​​​​
HVAC
​HEATING​
The inspector shall inspect:
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the heating system, using normal operating controls.
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The inspector shall describe:
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the location of the thermostat for the heating system;
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the energy source; and
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the heating method.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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any heating system that did not operate; and
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if the heating system was deemed inaccessible.
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The inspector is not required to:
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inspect, measure, or evaluate the interior of flues or chimneys, fire chambers, heat exchangers, combustion air
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systems, fresh-air intakes, makeup air, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, electronic air filters, geothermal systems, or solar heating systems.
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inspect fuel tanks or underground or concealed fuel supply systems.
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determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the heating system.
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light or ignite pilot flames.
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activate heating, heat pump systems, or other heating systems when ambient temperatures or other circumstances are not conducive to safe operation or may damage the equipment.
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override electronic thermostats.
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evaluate fuel quality.
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verify thermostat calibration, heat anticipation, or automatic setbacks, timers, programs or clocks.
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measure or calculate the air for combustion, ventilation, or dilution of flue gases for appliances.
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COOLING
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The inspector shall inspect:
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the exterior wall-covering materials;
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the eaves, soffits and fascia;
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a representative number of windows;
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all exterior doors;
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flashing and trim;
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adjacent walkways and driveways;
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stairs, steps, stoops, stairways and ramps;
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porches, patios, decks, balconies and carports;
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railings, guards and handrails; and
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vegetation, surface drainage, retaining walls and grading of the property, where they may adversely affect the structure due
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to moisture intrusion.
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The inspector shall describe:
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the type of exterior wall-covering materials.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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any improper spacing between intermediate balusters, spindles and rails.
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The inspector is not required to:
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inspect or operate screens, storm windows, shutters, awnings, fences, outbuildings, or exterior accent lighting.
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inspect items that are not visible or readily accessible from the ground, including window and door flashing.
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inspect or identify geological, geotechnical, hydrological or soil conditions.
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inspect recreational facilities or playground equipment.
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inspect seawalls, breakwalls or docks.
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inspect erosion-control or earth-stabilization measures.
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inspect for safety-type glass.
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inspect underground utilities.
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inspect underground items.
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inspect wells or springs.
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inspect solar, wind or geothermal systems.
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inspect swimming pools or spas.
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inspect wastewater treatment systems, septic systems or cesspools.
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inspect irrigation or sprinkler systems.
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inspect drainfields or dry wells.
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determine the integrity of multiple-pane window glazing or thermal window seals.
BASEMENT, FOUNDATION, CRAWLSPACE & STRUCTURE
The inspector shall inspect:
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the foundation;
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the basement;
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the crawlspace; and
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structural components.
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The inspector shall describe:
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the type of foundation; and
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the location of the access to the under-floor space.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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observed indications of wood in contact with or near soil;
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observed indications of active water penetration;
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observed indications of possible foundation movement, such as sheet-rock cracks, brick cracks, out-of-square door frames, and un-level floors; and
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any observed cutting, notching and boring of framing members that may, in the inspector’s opinion, present a structural or safety concern.
The inspector is not required to:
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enter any crawlspace that is not readily accessible, or where entry could cause damage or pose a hazard to him/herself.
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move stored items or debris.
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operate sump pumps with inaccessible floats.
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identify the size, spacing, span or location or determine the adequacy of foundation bolting, bracing, joists, joist spans or support systems.
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provide any engineering or architectural service.
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report on the adequacy of any structural system or component.
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Fireplace
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FIREPLACE
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The inspector shall inspect
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readily accessible and visible portions of the fireplaces and chimneys;
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lintels above the fireplace openings;
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damper doors by opening and closing them, if readily accessible and manually operable; and
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cleanout doors and frames.
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The inspector shall describe:
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the type of fireplace.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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evidence of joint separation, damage or deterioration of the hearth, hearth extension or chambers;
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manually operated dampers that did not open and close;
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the lack of a smoke detector in the same room as the fireplace;
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the lack of a carbon-monoxide detector in the same room as the fireplace; and
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cleanouts not made of metal, pre-cast cement, or other non-combustible material.
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The inspector is not required to:
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inspect the flue or vent system.
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inspect the interior of chimneys or flues, fire doors or screens, seals or gaskets, or mantels.
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determine the need for a chimney sweep.
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operate gas fireplace inserts.
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light pilot flames.
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determine the appropriateness of any installation.
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inspect automatic fuel-fed devices.
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inspect combustion and/or make-up air devices.
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inspect heat-distribution assists, whether gravity-controlled or fan-assisted.
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ignite or extinguish fires.
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determine the adequacy of drafts or draft characteristics.
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move fireplace inserts, stoves or firebox contents.
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perform a smoke test.
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dismantle or remove any component.
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perform a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)-style inspection.
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perform a Phase I home inspection for fireplace and chimney.
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Roof-Attic
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ROOF
The inspector shall inspect from ground level or the eaves:
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the roof-covering materials;
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the gutters;
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the downspouts;
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the vents, flashing, skylights, chimney, and other roof penetrations; and
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the general structure of the roof from the readily accessible panels, doors or stairs.
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The inspector shall describe:
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the type of roof-covering materials.
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The inspector shall report as in need of correction:
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observed indications of active roof leaks.
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The inspector is not required to:
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walk on any roof surface.
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predict the service life expectancy.
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inspect underground downspout diverter drainage pipes.
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remove snow, ice, debris or other conditions that prohibit the observation of the roof surfaces.
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move insulation.
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inspect antennae, satellite dishes, lightning arresters, de-icing equipment, or similar attachments.
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walk on any roof areas that appear, in the inspector’s opinion, to be unsafe.
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walk on any roof areas if doing so might, in the inspector’s opinion, cause damage.
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perform a water test.
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warrant or certify the roof.
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confirm proper fastening or installation of any roof-covering material.